Preface ： Unknowingly, I have learned C Language for a month , A lot of knowledge , In particular, I am very excited to learn how to write a small Sanzi game , Let's meet it today , Don't talk much , We officially start .
List of articles
One . Sanzi
The Sanzi chess written this time is divided into three documents , They work on the same project , Respectively test.c、game.h、game.c,test.c File is mainly used to enter the game 、 Quit the game 、 Judgement of winning or losing 、 Print menu and other logic , and game.c Is used to write the main implementation method of the game ,game.h Then save the header file and function declaration .
The specific implementation of Sanzi chess is shown in the figure .
Two . The logic of entering or exiting the game
1. test.c file
#include "game.h"
void menu() {
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf("----------- 1.play -----------\n");
printf("----------- 0.exit -----------\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
}
void test() {
int input = 0;
do {
menu(); // menu
printf(" Please select input 1/0: "); // Choose to continue the game or exit
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input) {
case 1: // by 1 Then enter the game
printf(" Sanzi \n");
break;
case 0 :
printf(" Quit the game \n");
break;
default:
printf(" The number you entered is out of range , Please re-enter \n");
break;
}
printf("\n");
} while (input); //input by 1 Continued to , by 0 Quit the game , For others, re-enter
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}
Here you can put the header file to be referenced into game.h, So when game.c and test.c When the source file needs to reference the same header file, just reference game.h File can , This will be much more convenient . If both source files need to be referenced #include <stdio.h> Just put game.h I quote game.h file . Next, let's take a look at the above running results ：
When the code runs without problems , I can put printf(“ Sanzi ”); Replace with game Function .
3、 ... and . Initialize chessboard
1. test.c file （ I won't show you all later , Show only game The contents of the function ）
#include "game.h"
void menu() {
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf("----------- 1.play -----------\n");
printf("----------- 0.exit -----------\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
}
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
}
void test() {
int input = 0;
do {
menu(); // Menu selection
printf(" Please select input 1/0: "); // Choose to continue the game or exit
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input) {
case 1: // by 1 Then enter the game
game();
break;
case 0 :
printf(" Quit the game \n");
break;
default:
printf(" The number you entered is out of range , Please re-enter \n");
break;
}
printf("\n");
} while (input); //input by 1 Continued to , by 0 Quit the game , For others, re-enter
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}
2. game.h file ( When you need to declare the function later, it will not be shown )
#include <stdio.h>
#define ROW 3 // That's ok
#define COL 3 // Column
void Init(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Initialize chessboard
3. game.c file
#include "game.h"
void Init(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
// Initialize chessboard
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
Defined here #define ROW 3 and #define COL 3 To make it easier for us to improve the code , For example, when we want to print a Gobang board, we put 3 Change it to 5.
Four . Print chessboard
1. test.c file
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
// Print chessboard
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
}
2. game.c file
// Print chessboard
void PrintBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
// Row cycle ( Outer layer )
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
// Column loop ( Inner layer )
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|"); // There is no need to print after the last column |
}
}
printf("\n"); // Wrap after printing
if (i < col - 1) {
// Don't print under the last line ___
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf("___");
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
}
printf("\n");// Wrap after printing
}
}
The result is shown in Fig. ：
namely ： Here is a set of data
5、 ... and . Players play chess
1.test.c file
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
// Print chessboard
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
// Players and computers play chess '*' Representing game player ,'#' For computers .
while (1) {
player_move(board, ROW, COL);// Players play chess
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after downloading
}
}
2. game.c file
// Players play chess
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0; //x Axis
int y = 0; //y Axis
printf(" Players enter : ");
while (1) {
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y); // Enter coordinates
if ((x >= 1 && x <= row) && (y >= 1 && y <= col)) {
// Limit input range
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
// It is necessary to judge whether characters have been entered in this coordinate , If not, print '*'
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else {
printf(" The coordinates you entered have been set , Please re-enter \n");
break;
}
}
else {
printf(" The coordinates you entered are invalid , Please re-enter \n");
break;
}
}
}
use if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ’ ') This statement is to prevent this coordinate from being set .
The use here is x-1、y-1 The reason is that ：
So you have to subtract 1, The operation result is ：
6、 ... and . The computer plays chess
1. test.c file
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
// Print chessboard
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
// Players and computers play chess '*' Representing game player ,'#' For computers .
while (1) {
player_move(board, ROW, COL);// Players play chess
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after downloading
computer_move(board, ROW, COL);// The computer plays chess
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after next
}
}
2. game.c file
// The computer plays chess
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
printf(" The computer plays chess : \n");
while (1) {
// Use the loop until the computer meets the input .
int x = rand() % row; // Generate 0~2 Number of numbers
int y = rand() % col; //0~2
if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
Here the computer generates random numbers , utilize rand function , When generating random numbers, you need srand() Function assist , stay test.c In the document test Add... To the function srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); This statement .
The running result is ：
7、 ... and . Judgement of winning or losing
1. test.c file
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
// Print chessboard
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
// Players and computers play chess '*' Representing game player ,'#' For computers .
/* If the player wins, he returns '*' If the computer wins, it returns '#' A draw returns to 'M' Return character C It's not over */
// Judgement of winning or losing
char ret = 0;
while (1) {
// Players play chess
player_move(board, ROW, COL);
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after downloading
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);// Every time you finish, judge whether you win or lose .
if (ret != 'C') {
break; // Not equal to character C End of description
}
// The computer plays chess
computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after next
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);// Every time you finish, judge whether you win or lose .
if (ret != 'C') {
break;
}
}
if (ret == '*') {
printf(" Game player wins \n");
}
else if (ret == '#') {
printf(" Computers win \n");
}
else {
printf(" It ends in a draw ");
}
}
2. game.c file
// Judgement of winning or losing
int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
// Judge whether the chessboard is full , When it's full, it's a draw back 1, Not full return 0
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == ' '){
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
// Determine whether the number of rows is connected （ There are three lines ）
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
if ((board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]) && board[i][1] != ' ') {
// Exclude spaces
return board[i][0];// Return this number , May be * It could be #.
}
}
// Determine whether the number of columns is connected （ Three columns in total ）
for (i = 0; i < col; i++) {
if ((board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]) && board[1][i] != ' ') {
// Exclude spaces
return board[1][i]; // Return this number , May be * It could be #.
}
}
// Judging diagonals
if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
// It ends in a draw
if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1) {
return 'M';
}
return 'C';
}
It is worth noting that players here will enter here next time is_win Function to determine and return a character , The computer judges a chess game once , Returns one character , Until we've got a win or a lose 、 It ends in a draw .
Running results ：
Game player wins ：
Computers win ：
It ends in a draw ：
Computers win ：
It ends in a draw ：
general act
1. test.c
#include "game.h"
void menu() {
printf("----------------------------------\n");
printf("----------- 1.play -----------\n");
printf("----------- 0.exit -----------\n");
printf("----------------------------------\n");
}
void game() {
char board[ROW][COL] = {
0 }; // To print a chessboard, you need to initialize a two-dimensional array to 0
Init(board, ROW, COL); // Initialize chessboard , That is, initialize the chessboard as a space .
// Print chessboard
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);
// Players and computers play chess '*' Representing game player ,'#' For computers .
/* If the player wins, he returns '*' If the computer wins, it returns '#' A draw returns to 'M' Return character C It's not over */
// Judgement of winning or losing
char ret = 0;
while (1) {
// Players play chess
player_move(board, ROW, COL);
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after downloading
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);// Every time you finish, judge whether you win or lose .
if (ret != 'C') {
break; // Not equal to character C End of description
}
// The computer plays chess
computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
PrintBoard(board, ROW, COL);// Continue printing after next
ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);// Every time you finish, judge whether you win or lose .
if (ret != 'C') {
break;
}
}
if (ret == '*') {
printf(" Game player wins \n");
}
else if (ret == '#') {
printf(" Computers win \n");
}
else if (ret == 'M') {
printf(" It ends in a draw \n");
}
}
void test() {
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));// Time stamp
int input = 0;
do {
menu(); // Menu selection
printf(" Please select input 1/0: "); // Choose to continue the game or exit
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input) {
case 1: // by 1 Then enter the game
game();
break;
case 0:
printf(" Quit the game \n");
break;
default:
printf(" The number you entered is out of range , Please re-enter \n");
break;
}
printf("\n");
} while (input); //input by 1 Continued to , by 0 Quit the game , For others, re-enter
}
int main() {
test();
return 0;
}
2. game.h
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
void Init(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Initialize chessboard
void PrintBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Print chessboard
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Players play chess
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Players play chess
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);// Judgement of winning or losing
3. game.c
#include "game.h"
// Initialize chessboard
void Init(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
board[i][j] = ' ';
}
}
}
// Print chessboard
void PrintBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
// Row cycle ( Outer layer )
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
// Column loop ( Inner layer )
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|"); // There is no need to print after the last column |
}
}
printf("\n"); // Wrap after printing
if (i < col - 1) {
// Don't print under the last line ---
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
printf("___");
if (j < col - 1) {
printf("|");
}
}
}
printf("\n");
}
}
// Players play chess
void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int x = 0; //x Axis
int y = 0; //y Axis
printf(" Players play chess : ");
while (1) {
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y); // Enter coordinates
if ((x >= 1 && x <= row) && (y >= 1 && y <= col)) {
// Limit input range
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ') {
// It is necessary to judge whether characters have been entered in this coordinate , If not, print '*'
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else {
printf(" The coordinates you entered have been set , Please re-enter \n");
}
}
else {
printf(" The coordinates you entered are invalid , Please re-enter \n");
}
}
}
// The computer plays chess
void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
printf(" The computer plays chess : \n");
while (1) {
// Use the loop until the computer meets the input .
int x = rand() % row; // Generate 0~2 Number of numbers
int y = rand() % col; //0~2
if (board[x][y] == ' ') {
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
// Judgement of winning or losing
int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
// Judge whether the chessboard is full , When it's full, it's a draw back 1, Not full return 0
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < col; j++) {
if (board[i][j] == ' ') {
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
}
char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col) {
int i = 0;
// Determine whether the number of rows is connected （ There are three lines ）
for (i = 0; i < row; i++) {
if ((board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2]) && board[i][1] != ' ') {
// Exclude spaces
return board[i][0];// Return this number , May be * It could be #.
}
}
// Determine whether the number of columns is connected （ Three columns in total ）
for (i = 0; i < col; i++) {
if ((board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i]) && board[1][i] != ' ') {
// Exclude spaces
return board[1][i];// Return this number , May be * It could be #.
}
}
// Judging diagonals
if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ') {
return board[1][1];
}
// It ends in a draw
if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1) {
return 'M';
}
// continue
return 'C';
}
Well, today's three gobang is finished , If you like, you can like it , In addition, if there are any deficiencies, please point out in time . Thank you .