C++ in public、protect、private Access control for
Access right
A class of public Member variables 、 Member functions , You can use the member function of the class 、 Class
A class of protected Member variables 、 Member functions , Cannot be accessed through an instance variable of a class . But you can use the friend function of the class 、 Visit the friend class .
A class of private Member variables 、 Member functions , Cannot be accessed through an instance variable of a class . But you can use the friend function of the class 、 Visit the friend class .
Access right demo
#include <iostream>
class ReferencePerission
{
friend class FriendClass;
friend void FriendFunc();
public:
int public_num;
void public_func(){std::cout <<"public_func "<<public_num<<std::endl;}
protected:
int protected_num;
void protected_func(){std::cout <<"protected_func "<<protected_num<<std::endl;}
private:
int private_num;
void private_func(){std::cout <<"private_func "<<private_num<<std::endl;}
};
class FriendClass
{
public:
FriendClass() {
std::cout<<"FriendClass"<<std::endl;
ReferencePerission ref;
ref.public_num = 1;
ref.protected_num = 2;
ref.private_num = 3;
ref.public_func();
ref.protected_func();
ref.private_func();
}
~FriendClass()
{
}
};
void FriendFunc()
{
std::cout<<"FriendFunc"<<std::endl;
ReferencePerission ref;
ref.public_num = 1;
ref.protected_num = 2;
ref.private_num = 3;
ref.public_func();
ref.protected_func();
ref.private_func();
}
int main()
{
ReferencePerission ref;
ref.public_num = 1;
//ref.protected_num = 2; /* Compilation error declared protected here */
//ref.private_num = 3; /* Compilation error declared private here */
ref.public_func();
//ref.protected_func(); /* Compilation error declared protected here */
//ref.private_func(); /* Compilation error declared private here */
FriendFunc(); /* Friend functions can access public,protected,private Member variables and functions */
FriendClass friendObj; /* Friend classes can visit public,protected,private Member variables and functions */
return 0;
}
Inheritance rights
public Inherit
Derived classes are generated by public Inherit , The permissions of the base class remain unchanged .
Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member .
Instance variables of derived classes , You can access the public member , But there's no access to protected、private member , As if members of the base class were added to derived classes .
Can be public Inheritance is regarded as a derived class, and the base class's public,protected Members are included in derived classes , But not including private member .
protected Inherit
Derived classes are generated by protected Inherit , The base class public The permission of a member in a derived class becomes protected .protected and private unchanged .
Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member .
Instance variables of derived classes , No members of the base class can be accessed , Because of the base class public The member in the derived class becomes protected.
Can be protected Inheritance is regarded as a derived class, and the base class's public,protected Members are included in derived classes , All as derived classes protected member , But not including private member .
private Members are privacy within the base class , Besides friends , No one is allowed to pry . Friends of derived classes , No access
private Inherit
Derived classes are generated by private Inherit , The permissions of all members of the base class in the derived class become private.
Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member .
Instance variables of derived classes , No members of the base class can be accessed , Because all members of the base class become private.
Can be private Inheritance is regarded as a derived class, and the base class's public,protected Members are included in derived classes , All as derived classes private member , But not including private member .
private Members are privacy within the base class , Besides friends , No one is allowed to pry . Friends of derived classes , No access
summary ： Inheritance modifiers , It's like a sieve , Sift the members of the base class into the derived class .public、protected、private, It's the eye of the sieve .
adopt public Inherit , All base class members （ except private）,public、protected It's all in derived classes ,public The mesh is bigger , It doesn't change access .
adopt protected Inherit , All base class members （ except private）,public、protected It's all in derived classes ,protected The mesh size is moderate , All the members who came here became protected.
adopt private Inherit , All base class members （ except private）,public、protected It's all in derived classes ,private The sieve is the smallest , All the members who came here became private.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class InheritPerission
{
public:
string public_str;
void public_func(){std::cout <<"public_func "<<public_str<<std::endl;}
protected:
string protected_str;
void protected_func(){std::cout <<"protected_func "<<protected_str<<std::endl;}
private:
string private_str;
void private_func(){std::cout <<"private_func "<<private_str<<std::endl;}
};
/* Derived classes are generated by public Inherit , The permissions of the base class remain unchanged */
class InheritPublic : public InheritPerission
{
public:
InheritPublic(){
/* Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member */
public_str = "public_str";
protected_str = "protected_str";
//private_str = "private_str";
public_func();
protected_func();
//private_func();
}
~InheritPublic(){};
};
/* Derived classes are generated by protected Inherit , The base class public The permission of a member in a derived class becomes protected .protected and private unchanged */
class InheritProtected : protected InheritPerission
{
public:
InheritProtected(){
/* Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member */
public_str = "public_str";
protected_str = "protected_str";
//private_str = "private_str";
public_func();
protected_func();
//private_func();
}
~InheritProtected(){}
};
/* Derived classes are generated by private Inherit , The permissions of all members of the base class in the derived class become private*/
class InheritPrivate : private InheritPerission
{
public:
InheritPrivate(){
/* Member functions of derived classes , You can access the public member 、protected member , But you can't access the base class's private member */
public_str = "public_str";
protected_str = "protected_str";
//private_str = "private_str";
public_func();
protected_func();
//private_func();
}
~InheritPrivate(){}
};
int main()
{
InheritPublic inheritPublic;
InheritProtected inheritProtected;
InheritPrivate inheritPrivate;
/* Instance variables of derived classes , You can access the public member , But there's no access to protected、private member */
inheritPublic.public_func();
//inheritPublic.protected_func();
//inheritPublic.private_func();
/* Instance variables of derived classes , No members of the base class can be accessed , Because of the base class public The member in the derived class becomes protected*/
//inheritProtected.public_func();
//inheritProtected.protected_func();
//inheritProtected.private_func();
/* Instance variables of derived classes , No members of the base class can be accessed , Because all members of the base class become private*/
//inheritPrivate.public_func();
//inheritPrivate.protected_func();
//inheritPrivate.private_func();
return 0;
}
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